Brazil has become the latest—and one of the most prominent—countries to launch an anti-dumping (AD) investigation into steel wire rod from China. Also, it is believed to be the only country to include Russia in its action.
A report—Initiation of Anti-dumping Investigation: Carbon Steel Wire Rod from China and Russia—from Chambers and Partners cited the publication of SECEX Ordinance No. 44/2025, which on June 17, 2025, initiated an anti-dumping investigation on Brazilian imports of certain carbon and alloy steel wire rod originating from China and Russia.
The case stems from a petition by major domestic steelmakers—ArcelorMittal Brasil S.A., Gerdau Aço Longos, Gerdau Açominas, and Gerdau S.A.—who allege that dumped imports have caused material injury to Brazil’s steel sector. The dumping investigation covers imports from July 2023 to June 2024, with injury assessed over a five-year period. Initial findings cite dumping margins of $534.22/ton for China and $600.70/ton for Russia, with relative dumping margins of 88.7% and 106.5%, respectively. The injury period is from July 2019 to June 2024.
According to Steel Orbis, in November 2024, Russia exported 1,000 metric tons (mt) of wire rod to Brazil at an average price of $571. This made Russia the third-largest source of Brazil’s wire rod imports for that month, behind China (6,900 mt) and Egypt (5,000 mt). Brazil’s total wire rod imports in November 2024 were 13,400 mt, so Russian shipments were roughly 7.5% of the monthly total.
The following information is compiled from Fastmarkets, Global Compliance News, Nasser Advogados and SteelRadar. In 2014, Thailand placed anti-dumping penalties against Chinese exporters ranging from 12.26% to 36.79%. These duties were continued by a sunset review in 2020 and are now undergoing a further five-year review for wire rod with a carbon content of 0.76–0.92% and diameter below 14 mm to determine if the penalty should be extended, adjusted, or terminated. The review process is expected to last up to a year, with existing duties maintained as cash deposits in the interim.
Of note, at least 11 other countries and the EU bloc have recently launched or extended AD investigations or duties on Chinese steel. However, some (including India, Australia, Egypt, South Africa, Colombia, South Korea, and Vietnam) targeted products other than wire or wire rod. Countries that have specifically listed wire rod include Malaysia, which initiated an anti-dumping probe on wire rod from China, Indonesia, and Vietnam in October 2024; Peru, which launched an anti-dumping investigation into Chinese wire rod in January 2025; Canada, which started an investigation on April 22, 2025, into carbon and alloy steel wire from China and nine other countries; the European Union, which imposed duties on Chinese steel products in early 2025; and Turkey, which has implemented anti-dumping and safeguard measures on Chinese wire rod and other steel products since 2024.
In terms of updates, Brazil’s investigation into Chinese and Russian steel wire rod must conclude by April 2026, with a possible extension to December 2026. Thailand’s sunset review is scheduled for conclusion by May 2026, with duties maintained in the meantime. Canada’s CBSA investigation—launched April 22, 2025—will continue, with preliminary findings expected later this year. Peru’s investigation—launched in January 2025—is ongoing, with potential for duties to be imposed by late 2025.
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